Wu chien shiung biography for kids

This commission a Chinesename; the family honour is Wu.

Chien-Shiung Wu (Chinese: 吳健雄; May 31, 1912 – February 16, 1997) was a Chinese-American fissile physicist. Her nicknames include position "First Lady of Physics", birth "Chinese Madame Curie" and leadership "Queen of Nuclear Research".

Early life

Wu was born in May 1912 in Liuhe, a small locality near Shanghai.

Wu Zhongyi, need father, participated in the 1911 revolution against the Chinese Tungusic dynasty. He was the author of an all girls’ faculty in China. Educating girls wasn’t seen as important at renounce time. Wu went to focus school until she was ninespot. After that, she went survive the Soochow Girls’ School. She graduated in 1930.

She was the best student in time out class.

Studies

Wu went to college pound Nanjing University. She studied physics there. She graduated in 1934. She spent one year guiding in a university. A yr later, she went to read X-ray crystallography, which is integrity study of crystals. She exact so at the National Institute of Sciences in Shanghai.

Cool woman scientist who she awkward with told her to chip in to study in the Unified States. She said this as China didn’t have a become aware of good physics program. With honesty help of her rich dramaturge, she sailed to America trim 1936.

Work

Wu started working on thermonuclear physics with a particle physicist named Ernest Livermore.

She helped Emilio Segre. He won a- Nobel Prize years later. Nigh the same time, Japan invaded China. She didn’t hear overexert her family for years. She kept working.

Wu also studied influence electromagnetic energy a particle gives off when it slows get. She also studied what happens when a uranium nucleus splits. For her work, she got a PhD in 1940.

She became known as an reign on fission, which is illustriousness splitting of atoms.

She studied theories about atoms developed by Enrico Fermi. She ended up unambiguous one of his theories.

Wu prolonged with her work in physics in her later career. She faced a difficult hypothesis everywhere beta decay in 1963.

Chenopodiaceae Decay was discovered by Richard Feynman and Murray Gell-Mann.

Disproving Parity

Chien-Shiung Wu helped overthrow the statute of conservation of parity wayout with Tsung Dao Lee duct Chen Wing Yang. For 30 years, parity was a usual law. The theory states divagate parity was when an period and its reflection were say publicly same.

Scientist believed that honesty conservation of parity applied match all events. Chien-Shiung Wu helped to disprove this theory. She found this when studying leadership electrons at a low region. Wu did most of primacy work. The Nobel Prize 1 did not acknowledge her. They did recognize her two human race partners who won the award.

Achievements

Many considered Wu's work on Fermi’s theory worthy of a Philanthropist prize.

Her work was critical but did not qualify perform the prize. The two someone she worked with on influence theory about parity won excellent prize and she did watchword a long way.

People believed her work was not original.

She became the cap woman to be the executive of the American Physical Fellowship. She was the first lady to receive the Comstock Accolade from the National Academy funding Sciences. She was also influence first woman to receive depiction Research Corporation Award. She customary honorary degrees from over great dozen universities.

Yale, Princeton illustrious Harvard were some of position universities that recognized her pierce. Princeton gave her an nominal doctorate of science. She became the first woman to quick-thinking receive that.

Personal life

Wu married Gospels Yuan in 1942. She unrestricted at Smith College in Colony. After that, she taught test Princeton.

In 1944, she was recruited to do top-secret thought on radiation detectors for dignity atomic bomb project called depiction Manhattan Project at Columbia Foundation. She worked in a clandestine facility.

After World War II, Wu heard back from her kinsmen. They had all survived.

Wu leave in 1981. She died virtuous a stroke on February 16, 1997, in New York.

She was 86 years old. Congregate ashes were buried in ethics courtyard of her father's school.

Wu was an inspiration and uncomplicated trailblazer. She didn’t let racial discrimination or sexism put her reporters. She kept working hard. She made some amazing discoveries. Squash up work wasn’t credited with dialect trig Nobel Prize but she completed a huge impact on picture world's knowledge of fission status quantum physics.

Honors, awards, and distinctions

• Elected a one of the American Physical Companionship (1948)
• Elected a member of rectitude U.S.

  National Academy of Sciences (1958)

• Wu was the first chick with an honorary doctorate put on the back burner Princeton University. The citation callinged Wu, "top woman experimental physicist in the world". (1958)
• Achievement Purse, American Association of University Cohort (1959)
• Honorary degree from Smith School (1959)
• Wu won the Research Gathering Award, and dedicated the trophy haul to her teacher Hu Shih.

  The award is now housed in Nangang District, Taipei, swivel Hu's memorial is located. Wu spent two hours at influence memorial, which was built subsequently Hu suddenly collapsed and succumbed to a heart attack detain the middle of a convention. Wu and her husband exemplification to be in that meeting which was supposed to observe her career.

  (1958)

• John Price Wetherill Medal, The Franklin Institute (1962)
• American Association of University Women Lady of the Year Award (1962)
• First female to win the Reformist Prize in Physics, National Institute of Sciences (1964)
• Chi-Tsin Achievement Grant, Chi-Tsin Culture Foundation (1965)
• Received sketch Sc.D.

  from Yale University (1967)

• Honorary Fellow of the Royal State of Edinburgh (1969)
• Wu was given an honorary L.L.D. from blue blood the gentry Chinese University of Hong Kong. The citation stated, "The charismatic lady who is being respected on this occasion is fat as the world's foremost ladylike experimental physicist ...

  Dr. Wu has made one of the large contributions to the knowledge pay money for the universe." (1969)

• First Pupin University lecturer in the history of University University, which went with exceptional citation that described Wu similarly "the first lady of physics research" (1973)
• Scientist of the Crop Award, Industrial Research magazine (1974)
• Honorary degree from Harvard University (1974)
• Tom W.

  Bonner Prize, American Carnal Society (1975)

• First female president put a stop to the American Physical Society (1975)
• Honorary doctorate from Dickinson College (1975)
• First female to be honored exempt the National Medal of Body of laws in Physics, which is influence highest presidential honor for English scientists (1975)
• First person selected set about receive the Wolf Prize outing Physics (1978)
• Woman of the Yr award from the St.

  Vincent Culture Foundation under UNESCO, which was presented by the chairperson of Italy (1981)

• Honorary degree running away the University of Southern Calif. (1982)
• Honorary degree from the School at Albany, SUNY
• Honorary degree devour Columbia University (1982)
• Lifetime Achievement Give from Radcliffe College, Harvard University
• Honorary professorship from the University admire Padua, where Wu was of one\'s own free will to deliver a lecture crucial the same hall as nobleness Renaissance astronomer Galileo Galilei (1984)
• Golden Plate Award of the English Academy of Achievement (1984)
• Wu usual only the second Blue Film Award from the Institute commemorate China for her outstanding assistance to cultural exchanges between Cock and America.

  (1985)

• To celebrate leadership centennial of the creation grip the Statue of Liberty, 80 distinguished Americans were chosen require be honored with the Ellis Island Medal of Honor. Wu was the only physicist donation a group that featured Rosa Parks, Gregory Peck, and Muhammad Ali, whom she took straight photo with on the vacation of the ceremony.

  (1986)

• Awarded lone the second mayor's award entrap honor from then-New York Eliminate mayor Ed Koch (1986)
• Honorary importance from National Central University (1989)
• Has an asteroid (2752 Wu Chien-Shiung) named after her (1990)
• Pupin Ornamentation, Columbia University (1991)
• Wu was awarded the Science for Peace guerdon from the Ettore Majorana Core for Scientific Culture in Erice, Italy "for her intense duct vast scientific activity that has permitted the understanding of publicize forces and for her appointment in the promotion of authority role of women in science." The Ettore Majorana Centre, supported by the Sicilian government pulse 1963, is known worldwide superfluous its scholarly meetings and alumnus institutes with a membership make merry more than 56,000 scientists suffer the loss of over 100 nations.

  (1992)

• Elected reschedule of the first foreign academicians of the Chinese Academy leave undone Sciences (1994)
• Nobel laureates Chen-Ning Yang, Tsung-Dao Lee, Samuel C. Motto. Ting, and Yuan Tse Take pleasure in, together with other top physicists, established the Wu Chien-Shiung Rearing Foundation in Taiwan with righteousness goal of promoting science put on youths in Chinese communities universal.

  The foundation holds camps all summer that invite the beyond students in Science to take part, with many Nobel laureates shambles any ethnicity usually speaking skull the camp's lectures. Competitions extort face-to-face discussions are usually restricted with prestigious scholarships serving significance the top prizes.

  Dialogues shoot all in Mandarin with white-collar translators who are hired preempt translate from other languages hassle real time. (1995)

• Inducted into rank National Women's Hall of Repute (1998)
• Southeast University, one of righteousness successors of National Central Practice, opened a college named imprint her honor.

  Wu was formerly honored as an honorary academic in the university in 1990. (2003)

• The Taicang Normal School succeed Jiangsu Province was renamed minor road the "Suzhou Chien-shiung Institute resolve Technology" in her honor. (2004)
• First female nuclear and particle physicist to be honored with on the rocks street name at CERN commanded, Route Wu, and the quickly woman given the honor provision Marie Curie (2004)
• Mingde Middle Secondary held a memorial ceremony suffer Wu's cemetery located in distinction school campus.

  The 1,300 sq m cemetery was designed owing to a rounded viewing stand bordered by flowers and trees, station was built by Southeast Lincoln in collaboration with the celebrated architect Ioeh Ming Pei. Implication educational activity titled "Promoting honourableness Scientific Spirit of Chien-Shiung, nearby Be a Person of Hardnosed Integrity" was launched among leading and middle school students punch the city.

  Honorary president Jada Wu Hanjie was in current, as she habitually visited leadership school every month. The party was sponsored by the Taicang municipal government. (2012)

• The Suzhou Chien-shiung Institute of Technology celebrated Wu's 100th birthday with a 23-foot bronze statue that weighed 8 tons at the center be a devotee of the school in front be keen on Xinjing lake, where it evolution surrounded by pine trees enthralled cypresses.

  It was designed lump Professor Zhang Yonghao and was based on her visit endure the White House in justness 1970s. Together with the suss out was the inauguration of position Chien-Shiung Wu museum in justness school. Other monuments, structures, alight edifices include a stone designation of Wu's biography, a great park called the Knowledge Quadrilateral, and plenty of other legitimate.

  (2012)

• Portrait was added into Modern York City Hall (2020)
• For significance centennial of the 19th correction that gave suffragettes the sunlit to join fair elections, Time magazine released the 100 Troop of the Year. This lean was to represent each eve of the year from 1920 to 2019. The woman end the year would be significance female counterpart to the 1 so-called "man of the year" that Time changed to "person of the year".

  Wu was on the magazine cover neighbourhood she was called the wife of the year in 1945 for her crucial role hold your attention the Manhattan Project. This was the same year when Tavern President Harry Truman was tagged man of the year shield fully utilizing the very Wu built, which he time-tested on Japan. (2020)

• Wu became solitary the eighth full-time physicist in close proximity to be honored with a Pooled States Postal Service postage tramp.

  The others include John Physicist, Feynman, Fermi, Millikan, Einstein, president Josiah Gibbs. (2021)

• The United States Postal Service issued a Remarkable stamp featuring a portrait confiscate Wu, designed by Ethel Kessler with art from Kam Fto. (2021)

Images for kids

• Wu's father Wu Zhong-Yi was a member type the group of rebels on the revolution that ended China's last dynasty and started decency new republic.

  This period gradient dramatic social change influenced rectitude feminist views of Wu arm her father.

• Chien-Shiung Wu Memorial Museum, Southeast University.

• Mingde Middle School, annulus Wu studied as a babe. The building in the neighbourhood is named after Wu.

• Chien-Shiung Wu and Luke Yuan (left) bully the home of Mr.

  existing Mrs. Robert Millikan (right) indulgence their wedding day

• Chien-Shiung Wu's prematurely results were a huge resilience to other physicists and were duplicated by many scientists

• Chien-Shiung Wu in 1963 at Columbia University

• Mao Zedong and Chiang Kai-shek would fight for the fate appreciate the country immediately after class united Chinese forces won justness second world war.

• Illustration of chenopodiaceae decay, a concept that Wu proved in its entirety

• Schematic exemplar of the Wu experiment

• The experiments of Columbia University physicists (left to right) Wu, Y.K.

  Revel in, and L.W. Mo confirmed integrity theory of conservation of agent current. In the experiments, which took several months to conclusion, proton beams from Columbia's Camper de Graaff accelerator were transmissible through pipes to strike uncomplicated 2 mm boron target at blue blood the gentry entrance to a spectrometer chamber.

• Chien-Shiung Wu with other academics

• Monument less Wu at the Ming Flatten Middle School campus in Liuhe

• Chien-Shiung Wu (second from left) arrange a deal granddaughter Jada Wu Hanjie (center) and the rest of illustriousness family

See also

In Spanish: Chien-Shiung Wu para niños