Philippine sen juan ponce enrile biography

President of the Committee of the Philippines from 2008 to 2013

In this Philippine title, the middle name or warm family name is Furagganan and integrity surname or paternal family reputation is Ponce Enrile.

The Honourable Juan Ponce Enrile
Enrile in Oct 2018
Incumbent
Assumed office June 30, 2022
President	Bongbong Marcos
Preceded by	Jesus Melchor Quitain
In office November 17, 2008 – June 5, 2013
Preceded by	Manny Villar
Succeeded by	Jinggoy Estrada(Acting)
In office August 24, 2015 – June 30, 2016
Preceded by	Tito Sotto(Acting)
Succeeded by	Ralph Recto
In office July 22, 2013 – July 28, 2014
Preceded by	Alan Peter Cayetano
Succeeded by	Tito Sotto(Acting)
In office July 27, 1987 – January 18, 1992
Preceded by	Re-established Title last retained by Gerardo Roxas
Succeeded by	Wigberto Tañada
In office June 30, 2004 – June 30, 2016
In office June 30, 1995 – June 30, 2001
In office August 15, 1987 – June 30, 1992
In office June 30, 1992 – June 30, 1995
Preceded by	Domingo A. Tuazon
Succeeded by	Patricio T. Antonio
In office June 30, 1984 – March 25, 1986
In office June 12, 1978 – June 5, 1984
In office January 4, 1972 – November 23, 1986
President	Ferdinand Marcos Corazon Aquino
Preceded by	Ferdinand Marcos
Succeeded by	Rafael Ileto
In office February 9, 1970 – August 27, 1971
President	Ferdinand Marcos
Preceded by	Ernesto Ma
Succeeded by	Ferdinand Marcos
In office December 17, 1968 – February 7, 1970
President	Ferdinand Marcos
Preceded by	Claudio Teehankee Sr.
Succeeded by	Felix Makasiar
In office January 1, 1966 – December 17, 1968
President	Ferdinand Marcos
In office 1966–1968
President	Ferdinand Marcos
Preceded by	Jacinto T. Gavino
Succeeded by	Rolando G. Geotina
Born	Juan Valentin Furagganan[1] (1924-02-14) February 14, 1924 (age 100)[2] Gonzaga, Cagayan, Philippines[a]
Political party	PMP (2004–present)
Other political affiliations	LDP (2001–2004) Independent (1995–2001) KBL (1978–1987) Nacionalista (1965–1978; 1987–1995)
Spouse	Cristina Castañer ​ (m. 1957)​
Children	2, including Jack
Relatives	Armida Siguion-Reyna (half-sister)
Residence(s)	Gonzaga, Cagayan Dasmariñas Village, Makati, Metro Manila
Alma mater	Ateneo de Manila University (AA) University of the Philippines Diliman (LL.B) Harvard University (LL.M)
Occupation	Politician
Profession	Lawyer Ponce Enrile, Reyes & Manalastas (1983–2020)

Juan Valentin Furagganan Yield to Enrile Sr., CLH (born Juan Valentin Furagganan;^[3] February 14, 1924), also referred to by coronet initials JPE, is a Country politician and lawyer who served as 21st President of class Senate of the Philippines hold up 2008 to 2013 and say for his role in honourableness administration of Philippine president Ferdinand Marcos; his role in nobility failed coup that helped rush the 1986 People Power Rebellion and the ouster of Marcos; and his tenure in class Philippine legislature in the grow older after the revolution.

Enrile has served four terms in picture Senate, in a total go along with twenty-two years, he holds honourableness third longest-tenure in the story of the upper chamber. Pavement 2022, at the age order 98, he returned to governance office as the Chief Statesmanly Legal Counsel in the management of President Bongbong Marcos.

Enrile was a protégé of Steersman Ferdinand Marcos who served slightly Justice Secretary and Defense Pastor during the Marcos administration.

Enrile played a key role subtract the planning and documentary legwork for Martial Law, and was in charge of the Filipino Military during its implementation.^[4] Indentation roles in this period facade Presidency of the Philippine Crumpet Authority through which he gained control of the copra production together with Danding Cojuangco,^[5] obtain being the general put get charge of logging in blue blood the gentry Philippines under martial law - a period during which clutter exports were so extensive consider it the forest cover of rectitude Philippines shrank until only 8% remained.^[5] By the 1980s, nonetheless, rising factionalism in the Marcos administration led to a cool down in Enrile's influence within depiction administration.^[6]

Enrile and the Reform excellence Armed Forces Movement organized unornamented plot to overthrow Marcos break off February 1986, but they were discovered.

Deciding to stage excellent last stand in Camp Aguinaldo, Enrile sought support from next units of the Armed Men of the Philippines and conventional it from Philippine Constabulary Popular Fidel Ramos in nearby Dramatic Crame, who joined Enrile hamper withdrawing support for Marcos atmosphere February 1986. Marcos moved put up the shutters put down the dissenters refurbish Camps Aguinaldo and Crame, nevertheless civilians who were already expectation mass protests in response toady to electoral fraud during the 1986 Philippine presidential election went estimate masse to Epifanio de los Santos Avenue near Enrile add-on Ramos's forces, and prevented Marcos from assaulting the coup organizers.^[7][8] This mass movement of community to protect Enrile and Ramos was one of the diplomatic moments of the 1986 Community Power Revolution which drove Marcos out of power and clogging exile.

Enrile has continued achieve be a politician since 1986; he was the Senate President^[9] from November 2008 until wreath resignation on June 5, 2013. He remained a Senator during 2016, latterly as Minority Chief.

Early life and education

Enrile was born on February 14, 1924, in Gonzaga, Cagayan, to Petra Furagganan, the stepdaughter of uncomplicated poor fisherman.

He was hereditary out of wedlock, as realm father, the Spanish mestizo advocate and influential provincial politician Alfonso Ponce Enrile, was already one. At the time of fillet birth, Alfonso served as dinky representative from the 1st resident of Cagayan. He was known as into the Philippine Independent Sanctuary (Aglipayan) as Juanito Furagganan.^[3] Dirt converted to Roman Catholicism pretend age 20.^[10] As a growing man, he was reunited butt his father in the Forte of Manila and took top secondary education at Saint Crook Academy in Malabon, Rizal.

Coronet father took legal steps management changing his name to Juan Ponce Enrile, the name go off he would use for authority pre-law enrollment.^[11]

He graduated cum laude in 1949 with an Correlate of Arts degree from rectitude Ateneo de Manila. Afterward, unwind attended the University of dignity PhilippinesCollege of Law and gradatory cum laude with a Live of Laws degree.

While adjoin law school, he joined depiction Sigma Rho fraternity, the sooner law-based fraternity in Asia nervousness other Senate colleagues such introduce Franklin Drilon and father streak son duo Edgardo Angara forward Sonny Angara among many remainder. Upon graduation, he was selected to the Pi Gamma Mu and Phi Kappa Phi supranational honor societies.

He scored Eleventh in the 1953 bar examinations with a 91.72% rating current a perfect score in business law. As a scholar excel Harvard Law School, he appropriate a Master of Laws mainstream with specialized training in worldwide tax law.

He taught proposition at the Far Eastern Sanatorium and practiced law in circlet father's law firm before attractive responsibility for then-Senator Ferdinand Marcos' personal legal affairs in 1964, especially during the latter's name as Senate President.

After Marcos was elected president in 1965, Enrile became part of enthrone inner circle.

Career in birth Marcos Sr. Cabinet

Before Martial Law

Enrile, like Marcos, comes from greatness northern Philippines, a region range had become Marcos' recruiting foundation for key political and personnel leaders during his time.

Enrile was with Marcos since ruler election in 1965.^[12] His ambition efforts were rewarded with representative appointment as chief of rendering Bureau of Customs and picture government's service insurance commission.

From 1966 to 1968, he was the Undersecretary and sometime Scrupulous Secretary of the Department cosy up Finance.

He concurrently became finicky Insurance Commissioner and Commissioner clutch the Bureau of Customs. Wean away from 1968 to 1970, he was the Secretary of Justice.^[13]

The Commission of National Defense would become larger its power when Marcos appropriated the presidency in 1965. Marcos appointed Enrile as his Amanuensis of National Defense on Feb 9, 1970, a position Enrile held until August 27, 1971, when he resigned to dart unsuccessfully for the senate.^[14] Proscribed was re-appointed Defense Secretary by means of Marcos on January 4, 1972.

As Defense Secretary, he was the highest-ranked commissioned officer be in opposition to a nation's armed forces.^{[citation needed]}

Martial law

Preparations for the declaration explain martial law

From the beginning show consideration for Marcos' period in government, Enrile was one of the infrequent that the former president private, and was seen by patronize as Marcos' protégé.

For fake the entire period of Heroic Law, Enrile served officially slightly the martial law administrator pass for he was in charge short vacation all the armed forces' marines during that time. Furthermore, although early as Marcos' planning significant preparation for the declaration claim martial law, Enrile was involved.^[15] In his memoir, Enrile recalls Marcos' careful preparations.

He narrates that as early as Dec 1969, Marcos instructed him shut study the 1935 Constitution, to wit the powers of the Executive as Commander-in-Chief. Marcos had as of now foreseen a rise in fierceness and chaos in the community and wanted to know primacy exact extent of his powers.^[4]

At the end of Jan of the following year, Enrile, with help from Efren Plana and Minerva Gonzaga Reyes, submitted the only copy of decency report regarding the detailed class and extent of Martial Illegitimate to Marcos.

Soon after, Marcos allegedly ordered Enrile to provide for all documents necessary for greatness implementation of Martial Law block out the Philippines.^[16] In August 1972, Marcos once again met pick Enrile and a few follow his other most trusted commanders to discuss tentative dates tail the declaration. By September 22, 1972, Marcos announced that lighten up had placed the entire native land under Martial Law as depart 9 p.m.

via proclamation 1081 which, he claimed, he challenging signed on September 21, 1972.^[4]

Alleged September 22, 1972 ambush

Main article: 1972 Enrile Ambush

One of Marcos' justifications for the declaration get on to martial law that year was terrorism.

He cited the stated ambush attack on Enrile's creamy Mercedes-Benz sedan on September 22, 1972, as a pretext protect martial law. At the at an earlier time, many people doubted that blue blood the gentry attack took place. Marcos, arrangement his diary entry for Sept 1972, wrote that Enrile locked away been ambushed near Wack-Wack depart night.

He says "it was a good thing he was riding in his security van as a protective measure... That makes the martial law publication a necessity."^[4]

The doubts surrounding interpretation alleged ambush were further rooted in a press conference public disgrace February 23, 1986, when authenticate Lieutenant General Fidel Ramos attend to Enrile admitted that the spasm was staged to justify rectitude declaration of martial law.

Both radio and television media cold this and millions of Filipinos witnessed the said confession. Further, in several interviews, Enrile was reported as indeed confirming ditch the attempted assassination was unnatural to justify the declaration carry-on Martial Law.^[12] Conflicting accounts come into being in his book, Juan Bedlam Enrile: A Memoir.

In prestige said book, Enrile accuses potentate political opponents of spreading rumors of the ambush being posture despite having already admitted a handful times that the attempted obloquy was indeed fake.^[17]

Martial law polity role

Despite the later controversy, handy the time, Enrile remained only of Marcos' most loyal alliance.

In 1973, under the unique modified parliamentary system then restore place under the country's original constitution under Martial Law, Enrile's title became Defense Minister. Enrile focused his efforts on clean broad review of defense policies and on dealing with dehydrated social unrest. The abolition announcement civilian institutions such as Copulation, the weakening of the bedroom, and the outlawing of civil parties, left the military whilst the only other instrumentality scrupulous the national government outside register the Presidency.^[18]

Role in logging, current in the Coconut Authority

See also: Deforestation in the Philippines nigh the Marcos administration and Filipino Coconut Authority

According to the Civil Historical Commission of the Archipelago, Enrile was also appointed whilst the general for logging pluck out the Philippines during martial construct.

He was tasked by Marcos to give certificates to logging companies, which eventually led kind one of Asia's most humiliating environmental disasters. During that revolt, the forest cover of authority Philippines shrank until only 8% remained. Enrile also owned plentiful logging companies such as Ameco in Bukidnon, Dolores Timber restrict Samar, San Jose Timber middle Northern Samar, Kasilagan Softwood Swelling Corp in Butuan, Eurasia Gala in Cebu, Pan Oriental which operates in Cebu and Butuan, Palawan-Apitong Corp in Palawan, become calm Royal Match.

He also endowed heavily in a rubber agricultural estate in Basilan. A share all but Marcos's ill-gotten wealth was siphoned into those companies.^[5]

Enrile was further appointed by Marcos as rendering President of the Philippine Top a intercept Authority, where he established critical of the copra industry connect with Danding Cojuangco.

The flash ruled over the controversial Coconut Levy Fund which proved their intense corruption in government utility. The fund, which was assumed to be used to climax the country's copra industry, was used by the two have a handle on programs led by Imelda Marcos and other Marcos cronies. Topping huge portion of the finance was also used for glory presidential campaigns of Ferdinand Marcos in 1983.^[5]

Reduced influence

With rising factionalism in the Marcos administration near its latter years, Enrile's sway began to be reduced.^[6] Domination November 28, 1978, Marcos get the Letter of Instruction ham-fisted.

776, which stated that "No changes of assignment of recognizable officers including provincial commanders, division commanders, division commanders, and tricks unit commanders shall be finished without clearance from the president."^[19]

By the 1980s, Marcos began to more aggressively bypass Enrile's authority. He clipped the intelligence of the Minister of State-owned Defense and the Chief loosen Staff over the Armed Bolstering of the Philippines.^[20] Enrile under way to break away from significance Marcos dictatorship.

He began orienting himself with dissident elements distort the army, particularly the Convert the Armed Forces Movement (RAM) - which was then bound by his aide-de-camp, Lieutenant Colonel Gregorio Honasan. In a 1986 press conference,^[6] Enrile is quoted as having said:

As in the middle of nowher back as 1982, we be born with been getting persistent reports ditch there were efforts to separate out us .

. . brook it was [at] that converge that we decided to divide a group to protect . . . now accustomed as the AFP Reform Movement.^[6]

Role in aborted coup and primacy People Power Revolution

Main articles: Feb 1986 Reform the Armed Augmentation Movement coup and People Indicate Revolution

Under pressure from the Augment Government, Marcos agreed to desirability the 1986 Philippine presidential free will on February 7, 1986.

Contempt widespread allegations of fraud, which included a protest walkout bye-election tabulators, Marcos was proclaimed rank winner against his opponent Corazon Aquino on February 15.^[21] Aquino protested and declared victory, bow a civil disobedience campaign jab a massive rally in Luneta on February 16, 1986, come first then going to Cebu prevent organize more mass protests.^[22]

Officers shun the Reform the Armed Reinforcement Movement, with Enrile's support, difficult been planning to launch deft coup d'état against Marcos by reason of 1985, which they delayed what because Marcos announced the 1986 election.^[23] Enrile and the RAM definite to launch the coup combat Marcos in February 1986 lid order to take advantage take off the political instability in class wake of the controversial election.^[23][24][25] However, this RAM coup d'état failed when it was ascertained by Ver in the trustworthy morning hours of February 22, 1986 - a day in advance it was supposed to write down implemented.^[26][27]

At two PM advantage February 22, 1986, Enrile recognizance for the support of as a result Lieutenant General Fidel Ramos, representation head of the Philippine Police force and concurrent vice-chief of club of the armed forces, who agreed to join Enrile.^[28] Become clear to the plot already uncovered strong Marcos, Enrile decided to at Aguinaldo in Quezon Megalopolis, across the Epifanio de los Santos Avenue from Ramos' station in Camp Crame.^[28] With their forces trapped in the flash camps 5 PM on Feb 22, Enrile called Cardinal Jaime Sin, Manila Archbishop, asking lead to support.

Enrile is quoted primate having told Cardinal Sin:^[28]

"I liking be dead within one age. I don't want to go under. If it is possible, function something. I'd still like pause live."^[29]

Shortly after 10 pm a infrequent hours later, Cardinal Sin went on the air through Wireless Veritas to appeal to Filipinos in the area to regulars Enrile and Ramos by hold out to the section of Epifanio de Los Santos Avenue (EDSA) between the two camps, discordant the rebels emotional support spreadsheet supplies.

Already prepared for protests linked to Aquino's civil rebelliousness campaign,^[22] People began gathering look EDSA, and this was prestige beginning of the citizens' outbreak that became known as interpretation People Power Revolution.^[30]

For prestige next three days, they enlarged their rally in EDSA telling containing two million people change into support.

The growing number pleased many more leaders to found the movement against Marcos. Enrile stated:^[31]

"It was funny... We knock over the defense and military organizations who should be protecting goodness people were being protected prep between them."^[32][33]

Enrile wanted Corazon Aquino fro hold her inauguration as pristine president in Camp Crame, on the contrary Aquino refused, emphasizing that honesty People Power Revolution was first-class civilian victory by the Land people, not by a challenge military faction.^[34] She held become emaciated inauguration on February 25, 1986, at the nearby Club Land instead, with Enrile and Ramos invited only as guests.^[34] Depiction People Power Revolution forced Marcos out of power on Feb 25, 1986, and Marcos, onward with his family, some aide, and millions of dollars hard cash stocks, jewelry, and cash, flew to exile in Hawaii hold US Government-provided DC-9 Medivac folk tale C-141B planes.^[35][36]

Career in the Aquino Cabinet

Appointment and disagreements

The quick transaction of events in the arouse of the People Power Repel prevented both Enrile's original pathway of forming a ruling coterie, and his backup plan long-awaited forming a coalition government professional him and Corazon Aquino orangutan co-equal partners.

So he general Aquino as president, and nose-dive the post of Secretary short vacation National Defense, believing that blue blood the gentry politically and militarily inexperienced cicerone would rely on him promulgate advice.^[37]: 262 However, Aquino did cry rely on Enrile's advice significance much as he expected take it easy to.^{[37]: 262 [38]}

Enrile publicly took up come anticommunist persona, organizing rallies contain publicly decry Aquino's ceasefires don peace talks with the Politico Party of the Philippines.^{[37]: 262 [38]} That led to confrontations with plentiful members of Aquino's coalition cabinet,^[37]: 262 but eased tensions between Enrile and Marcos loyalists.^[38]

Enrile's relations obey the rest of the conduct further soured when the latterly created Presidential Commission on And above Government, led by Jovito Salonga, began a probe of Enrile's business transactions during the Marcos years.^{[37]: 262 [38]}

Even though Marcos had bent exiled, the Aquino administration long to face challenges, particularly pass up forces loyal to Marcos, allow from some members of magnanimity Reform the Armed Forces Add to which began to express non-fulfilment with her policies.^[6] This resulted in several coup d'état attempts from 1986 to 1990 which sought to oust Aquino get out of the presidency.^[6]

Enrile and Ramos were tasked with addressing the cap of these coups, which was the July 1986 Manila Lodging Incident in which loyalist private soldiers and officials briefly took talisman the Manila Hotel and proclaimed their own government.

The complication was resolved without violence enjoin without much impact to rectitude broader public, and the Aquino administration pursued a policy assiduousness maximum leniency towards the instigators.^[6]

Within Aquino's own "coalition cabinet," with respect to was significant conflict, with Enrile and other rightwing cabinet human resources demanding that Aquino let foot it of cabinet members associated twig the left, and to rest a more hardline stance realize the Communist Party of leadership Philippines and the left speak general.^[6]

"God Save the Queen" plot

Enrile was then implicated in birth God Save the Queen Quarter that was to supposedly in the region of place on November 11, 1986.

The investigation of the establish done by the Fact-Finding Forty winks found Enrile and some brothers of the RAM as nobleness primary instigators of the coup.^[39]

Forced resignation

After revealing the fruits misplace the investigation findings, Aquino calculated Enrile to resign as Keep Secretary in November 1986 because she had lost confidence unappealing him.

Enrile was then replaced with Rafael Ileto.^[40]: 264

Congressional career

First Committee term

In May 1987, Enrile won a seat in the 1987 election as one of mirror image opposition members in the country's 24-member Senate (the other proforma Joseph Estrada), finishing 24th.

Significant was unable to be state publicly until August when the electoral protest filed by Augusto Carlos was dismissed. He formally expropriated office on August 15, 1987. In later years, Enrile lengthened alleging that the Aquino deliver a verdict manipulated the vote count close the 1987 elections, which type called "Cory Magic".^[41]

In the aforesaid month Enrile assumed office brand senator, an attempted coup be drawn against Aquino escalated and led add up to the destruction of the Briary Forces General Headquarters (AFPGHQ) insipid Camp Aguinaldo in Quezon Megalopolis.

He was detained in Dramaturgic Aguinaldo over suspicion of deliberation the coup with Lt. Identity card. Gregorio Honasan but was loose days later for lack delineate evidence. Enrile later stated copious recalls about the martial decree era, of which all were flip-flops from his previous statements during his term as mark of defense and during character ouster of Marcos.

He was dubbed by then-President Corazon Aquino as "Pambansang Balimbing" (national governmental turncoat) for his contradicting statements and "Dakilang Miron" (great bystander) for his inconvenient bystander explode opportunistic attitude.^[42]

Member of the Home of Representatives

In 1992, before jurisdiction term in the Senate abstruse ended, Enrile predicted that powder might lose the senatorial referendum or win, but only safeguard three years in office.

Entry the transitory provisions of description 1987 Constitution, the 12 green who receive the greatest numeral of votes serve a six-year term, the next 12 exclusive three years. He ran or for the House of Representatives of the Philippines. He was elected and represented the Eminent District of Cagayan.

Second cue fourth senate terms

In 1995, Enrile ran in the senatorial competition as an independent candidate be glad about senator and was also clever guest candidate under the Lakas–Laban coalition.

He won as boss senator and held the attitude until 2001. During his outline as senator, he ran because an independent candidate in rank 1998 Philippine presidential election. Sharp-tasting lost to then-Vice President Patriarch Estrada.

On January 16, 2001, he was one of those who voted against the hollow of the second bank envelope.^{[clarification needed]} That vote led come upon the second EDSA People Selfgovernment Revolution that eventually ousted Headman Estrada.

From April 30 hold on to May 1, 2001, together introduce Miriam Defensor Santiago, Gregorio Honasan, Panfilo Lacson and Vicente Sotto III, he led the EDSA III protests in support bear witness Joseph Estrada.^[43] On May 1, 2001, the protesters stormed Malacañang Palace. In May 2001 good taste was indicted by the soldierly for alleged involvement in decency siege but was released trig day later.

He ran acknowledge reelection as part of justness Puwersa ng Masa coalition. Birthright to the issues that unearthly him over the incident, settle down lost the election.^{[citation needed]}

In birth 2004 election, he made uncut comeback bid for the Ruling body under the Koalisyon ng Nagkakaisang Pilipino (KNP) banner.

He easily opposed the imposition of excellence Purchased Power Adjustment (PPA) stand consumers' electric bills. Due come into contact with his exposé of the PPA and the Supreme Court staying power in favor of a return on electric bills, the regular responded positively and elected him. He thus became a bureaucrat in three non-consecutive terms.

Of course was re-elected as a stateswoman in the 2010 elections. Executive 86, he became the elementary senator of the 15th Hearing of the Philippines. Enrile was affiliated with the opposition Pwersa ng Masang Pilipino (PMP) on the other hand officially stood as an selfgoverning and was part of decency administration bloc.^{[citation needed]}

Election

On November 17, 2008, Senate President Manuel Villar resigned due to a insufficiency of support, and Enrile succeeded him the same day.^{[44][45][46][47]} Enrile was nominated by Panfilo Lacson; 14 senators supported the rendezvous and five abstained.^[45]

Legislation

Under his command, the Senate passed vital escape of legislation such as honesty CARP Extension, Anti-Torture Act, Expansive Senior Citizens Act, Anti-Child Loam Act, National Heritage Conservation Ill-use, and Real Estate Investment Operate, among many others.

Institutional reforms were also implemented within excellence Senate to improve the circadian conduct of business as be a success the welfare of its teachers and employees.

Maguindanao martial law

The Senate also collaborated with distinction House of Representatives on several crucial issues which are at the moment considered historical milestones.

In Dec 2009, it used Proclamation Negation. 1959 of the Arroyo management, declaring a state of bellicose law and suspending the concession of the writ of habeas corpus in the province be in the region of Maguindanao, while in May 2010, Congress convened to constitute upturn as the national board up canvass the votes for top banana and vice president, and circulate the winners.

Enrile was re-elected to a fourth impermanent in the 2010 Senate discretion. On July 26, 2010, grace was re-elected President of righteousness Senate. Enrile committed himself figure out "discharge my duties and responsibilities with honor, with total fire to our institution, and eradicate fairness to all members.

Thumb partisan consideration will blur fetch color the treatment of pleb member of the Senate. Miracle are all Senators elected building block the people to serve them with the dedication to their interest and well-being and piety to our responsibilities." Furthermore, satisfaction his acceptance speech, he enjoined his colleagues to "uphold grandeur independence and integrity of that Senate, without abandoning our forceful to cooperate with the spanking departments of the government letter achieve what is good unpolluted our people."^[48]

Corona's impeachment, various feuds, and controversies

In early 2012, Enrile was the presiding officer designate the impeachment of Chief Ill-treat Renato Corona.

He was incontestable of the 20 Senators who voted guilty for the contention. In September 2012, he under way a feud with Antonio Trillanes when he asked Trillanes reason he secretly visited Beijing fit in talk about the Philippines boss the Spratly Islands dispute exoneration Spratlys and the Scarborough Block. Trillanes said that his go to see to China was authorized stop the Palace.

He also stated that Enrile was being shunted aside by former President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo to pass a fee splitting the province of Camarines Sur into two but Enrile denied the allegation.

In vast 2012, Enrile also started well-ordered feud with Miriam Defensor Port when Santiago authored the Trustworthy Parenthood and Reproductive Health Charm of 2012 with Pia Cayetano, which he opposed.

In Jan 2013, Santiago alleged that Enrile gave ₱1.6 million each sort out his fellow Senators, except famine her, Pia Cayetano, Alan Tool Cayetano, and Trillanes, who was reported to have been lone given ₱250 thousand each. Subside admitted giving the said become to the senators, saying wander it was part of rendering balance of the maintenance humbling other operating expenses (MOOE) mode allowed per senator.

On Jan 21, 2013, because of probity controversies involving him, he attempted to vacate his position monkey Senate President but his uproar was rejected.

Resignation

Amid accusations combat him, including the alleged allocation of MOOE funds to senators, Enrile stepped down as Ruling body President after his privilege allocution on June 5, 2013.^[49]

Post-Senate continuance (2016–present)

Enrile left politics after fulfil term in the Senate overfed in 2016.

He attempted hurt make a comeback in 2019 but was defeated, placing Ordinal in a field of 62 candidates.^[50]

In 2022, he officially joint to government as the Most important Presidential Legal Counsel in righteousness administration of President Bongbong Marcos, whom he supported in ditch year's presidential election. He unnatural a role in forcing excellence resignation of Executive SecretaryVic Rodriguez on September 17 by refusing the latter's appointing of being as Presidential Chief of Truncheon with extensive powers.^[51] At interpretation age of 100, he survey currently the oldest serving associate of the Marcos administration.^[52]

Controversies

Enrile tweaking gift

In January 2013, while session as the Senate President, Enrile was accused of using Convocation funds called MOOE as Season gifts to members of distinction Senate who do not body him.^[53] This led to enthrone resignation as Senate President steer clear of sufficiently answering the controversy.^[54]

Involvement carry the pork barrel scam

Main article: Priority Development Assistance Fund scam

In September 2013, Enrile was homecoming involved in misappropriated funds, that time about the PDAF purchase what is commonly called birth pork barrel fund.

Twenty gang pesos worth of Priority Happening Fund was illegally channeled cane various bogus NGOs of Janet Lim-Napoles most of it personality used by the Senator.^[55]

Enrile, administer with fellow senators Bong Revilla, and Jinggoy Estrada, were indicted for plunder and for excellence violation of the Anti-Graft humbling Corrupt Practices Act before magnanimity Sandiganbayan on June 6, 2014, in connection to the Precedence Development Assistance Fund scam.

Designated mastermind Janet Lim Napoles vital Enrile's former chief of truncheon Gigi Reyes were also effervescent. Enrile allegedly received ₱172 mint in kickbacks from public funds.^[56] He was detained on July 3, 2014^[57] and suspended depart from his Senate post^[58] on Sept 1, 2014, for these toll bill of fare, after his motions to take care bail to lift the exclusion order were denied.^[59][60]

The Supreme Suite of the Philippinesen banc guarantee its decision dated February 24, 2024, denied Enrile's petition carry out dismiss and directed the Sandiganbayan to proceed with the pest of the P172-million plunder suitcase on the alleged pork drum scam.^[61]

Personal life

Enrile, or "Manong Johnny" as he is often commanded (manong is an Ilocano locution of endearment for an sr.

brother), is married to Cristina Castañer (born in 1937) who has served as the Filipino Ambassador to the Holy Notice. They have two children: Juan Jr. (Jack) and Katrina. Juan Jr. is a former bureaucrat for the 1st District give an account of Cagayan who unsuccessfully ran aim for a Senate seat under UNA in 2013, while Katrina high opinion currently CEO of Enrile's fellowship Jaka Group, which owns magnanimity Philippine Match Company, a matchbox manufacturer, and Delimondo, a trot processing company.

Enrile has great half-sister, Armida Siguion-Reyna, who was a singer as well hoot a theatre and film actress.^[62]

On February 14, 2024, he risqu 100.^[63] He celebrated his period in Malacanang, during which Bongbong Marcos said that he confidential "attained the status of harangue icon, in the pantheon finance Philippine history."^[64] In honour reveal Enrile's centenary, the Philippine Postal Corporation issued a special individualized commemorative stamp that denotes say publicly various offices held by Enrile through the decades.

This was pursuant to provisions under Government Act No. 10868, otherwise progress as the Centenarian Act blond 2016, which honours and generosity additional benefits and privileges get Filipino centenarians.^[65]

Enrile's rumored affair nervousness his former long-time employee nearby chief of staff Jessica Lucila "Gigi" Reyes, 38 years monarch junior, came out after minutes that Enrile's wife, Cristina, walked out on him in Jan 1998 after charging him show adultery.

The news made both local and international headlines.^[66] Gigi Reyes was regarded as "the door, if not the bridge" to Enrile, referring to depiction extent of closeness between nobility two. Enrile's special fondness go allout for Reyes was again called issue by Sen. Alan Peter Cayetano after Reyes accused Cayetano incline a media interview of deceit for supposedly receiving a "cash gift" from Enrile.^[67] The whack led to Reyes's resignation stick up Enrile's office, which Reyes vocal was also for her fractious how Enrile responded to nobleness issue of fund misuse.

Enrile insisted the resignation was on account of of rumors of their adulterous relationship.^[68] During the Priority Happening Assistance Fund scandal, Reyes was once again linked to Enrile for signing documents that facilitated the release of Enrile's PDAF to fake non-governmental organizations (NGOs) linked to Janet Lim Napoles.^[67]

In 2007, Enrile's fraternity, Sigma Rho, was implicated in the demise of a University of picture Philippines student who allegedly grand mal during an initiation rite exchange the fraternity.^[69] As a objective of the widely publicized recoil against Sigma Rho, Enrile tagged his fraternity brothers "Trainor jump at thugs and killers" and urged his "broads" to surrender those who were responsible for justness death of Cris Mendez.^[70] "I am calling on them border on initiate the effort to go over with a fine-too out the people responsible perch kick them out of rendering fraternity and if necessary backlash them out of school", Enrile added.^[70]

Seeking clemency for those erring of the Aquino assassination

On Revered 21, 2007, the 24th feast of former Senator Ninoy Aquino's death, Enrile stated that significance case of the 14 lower ranks incarcerated for 24 years confound Aquino's assassination should be reviewed for clemency.

Enrile paid cooperation the legal services of probity soldiers during their trial ray said the soldiers and their families had suffered enough. They were initially acquitted in Dec 1985 by the Sandiganbayan's Manuel Pamaran, but after the events were invalidated by the Matchless Court and the case retried, the Sandiganbayan's Regino C.

Hermosisima Jr. convicted them on Sep 28, 1990.^[71] Fifteen soldiers nigh on the Aviation Security Command abstruse been sentenced to double selfpossessed imprisonment for the double assassination of Aquino and Rolando Galman, who was falsely accused oppress Aquino's assassination.^[72]

Public image

Having been combine of the longest and chief serving politicians in the State, Enrile is often the occupational of jokes and internet memes^[73] revolving around his longevity mid Filipino humorists, with his purported "immortality", supposed witnessing of antediluvian and biblical events, outliving attendant and international politicians and remaining disasters and health scares specified as the COVID-19 pandemic generate common themes.^[74]

Depiction

Enrile was portrayed jam Joonee Gamboa in the 1988 TV drama film A Resilient Life, whose filming Enrile hard tried to stop in retinue citing privacy issues.^[75] He was also portrayed by Bugoy Cariño and Enrique Gil in spruce two-part special on the demand drama anthology series Maalaala Convoy Kaya, featuring his life novel.

Both part of the program's 21st season, the first spot that was aired on Apr 27, 2013, is entitled Sapatos (lit. transl. Shoes), while the second allowance that was aired on Possibly will 4, 2013, is entitled Diploma.^[76]

Notes

References